PRINCIPLES OF THE APPLICATION OF RED COLOR IN THE DESIGN OF CHINA’S PARKS WHICH ARE ORGANIZED IN DEGRADED AREAS (EXAMPLE OF THE WORKS OF THE BEIJING BUREAU TURENSCAPE)

Abstract

The article substantiates that the result of the transformation of abandoned industrial facilities into park zones is a significant increase in the quality of life and land use, as well as the achievement of a number of cultural and environmental goals. The organization of urban parks in disturbed industrial areas has a number of advantages. Such measures help to clean the air, influence the improvement of public health, encourage citizens to lead an active lifestyle, strengthen the local economy, support the memory of historical heritage, reduce the level of crime, etc. A feature of park complexes created on adapted industrial territories is the combination of the natural environment and traditional park components with individual elements of industrial heritage. Turenscape design bureau was the first to use an accent color in China’s park landscape solutions, taking into account the ancient tradition of using the color red in Chinese culture. In their works, the color accent as a means of composition highlights the object, enhances its expressiveness, thanks to which the viewer has an increased visual interest in the landscape environment. Such works are Zhongshan Shipyard Park, Red Ribbon Tanghe River Park, and Houtan Park in Shanghai. The study is based on the fact that Confucian principles prevailed in the system of color selection in traditional Chinese culture. In China, red is a symbol of auspiciousness, celebration, marriage, liveliness and enthusiasm. It runs through the entire history of China and is the deep background of Chinese culture. In folk architecture, red has a long tradition: wooden columns, slabs, roofs of imperial buildings, symbolizing happiness, elegance, luck and joy. In the research process, two design approaches to work with color were established: its application on linear structural elements forming transparent surfaces or volumes (metal structures) and application on solid planes (long benches, solid metal surfaces).