«THE NATIVITY OF CHRIST» THREE IMAGES FROM THE 18‑TH CENTURY (THE NATIONAL ART MUSEUM OF UKRAINE COLLECTION): ICONOGRPHIC SOURCES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/uad.2024.3.12Keywords:
Ukrainian icon painting; oil painting; 18th century; iconography; Nativity of Christ; National Art Museum of Ukraine; European engraving.Abstract
The publication presents a study of three examples of 18th-century icon painting of “Nativity of Christ” (Cat. No. И-186; И-496; И-205) from the collection of the National Art Museum of Ukraine. All the works proposed for the study iconographically belong to the scheme “Adoration of the Shepherds”, traditional for Western European art. Previous studies devoted to three icons of the “Nativity of Christ” from NAMU have been analyzed. It was found that earlier studies of these icons did not contain specific proposals regarding its graphic prototypes. It was proved that Jan Harmens Müller’s 1606 engraving “Adoration of the Shepherds” afer Bartholomeus Spranger is a protograph for three 18thcentury “Nativity” icons from the collection of the NAMU. The elements of the iconographic scheme of the engraving “Adoration of the Shepherds” after B. Spranger, that interpreted differently in three icons of the “Nativity of Christ” of the 18th century from the collection of the NAMU, have been revealed. The results of a comparative analysis of the composition and iconography of the engraving mentioned and three artworks from the collection of the NAMU combines an argument in favor of using the engraving “Adoration of the Shepherds” by B. Spranger as a prototype for icons. Analogies in European painting to the engraving “Adoration of the Shepherds” by B. Spranger are given: the painting from the circle/workshop of B. Spranger in the collection of the “Castelbarco” gallery; the painting “Adoration of the Shepherds” by M. Gundelach from the National Gallery in Prague. A hypothesis for an additional fragmentary citation of the engraving “Adoration of the Shepherds” by Peter-Paul Rubens for the icon И-186 is proposed. It was found that the И-186 icon most consistently reveals the mannerist characteristics of the consonant engraving according to B. Spranger. It was determined that icon И-205 represents an “extended” interpretation of the iconography “Adoration of the Shepherds” according to B. Spranger with added characters embodying the “Adoration of the Magi/Kings” episode.
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